Hi Boaz, welcome to the forum!
Well, multiple steps are (not all necessary):
- Wash
- Decontamination (removal of industrial fallout, ferrous contamination, making the paint squeaky clean)
- Clay
- Compounding with a coarser, high performance abrasive to remove major paint defects (fine tuning according to the exact needs; choose compounding and/or polishing pads accordingly - from aggressive twisted wool to fine polishing pad)
- Polishing with a middle strength, high performance polish to further refine the surface (from coarser, more aggressive foam pads to finishing pads)
- Finishing/finessing with the finest available abrasives to achieve the highest possible gloss (finishing and finessing pads; preferably functionally nonabrasive)
- IPA wipedowns between compounding/polishind steps to remove polishing oils and to reveal the true condition of the paint
- Paint cleaner as necessary; as a base for carnaubas - sealants just need bare paint to bond to
- LSP of your choice; from hard pastes to sprayable liquids or WOWA sealants, covalent silane coatings
- QD
The entire arsenal can be necessary even for a 1 yr old vehicle if it's neglected. Even brand new cars can spend considerable time on the lots, requiring full decon/correction, because of fallout, hack washes, and dealer prep. In these cases, the clear is already damaged and needs correction. Clearcoat is just transparent paint, not a wonderthingy.
OOS = Optimum Opti-Seal