Its tough to tell sometimes…
But being an Electrical Engineer I would use the voltmeter idea as suggested above…
But having had 91 acura legend eaten away with rust… I tend to be on the cautious side… once rust sets in… you basically have to replace the whole panel… or in my case just repaint and watch the paint bubble in a few months...
I keep it simple…when in doubt I cover it with a little grey primer (they sell great little touch up kits at walmart, if ur in a bind)
Just use the toothpick method…its fast and you can get a clean looking protective coating on pretty quickly..