I'm a technical writer by profession and I hear about many cases of the price of poor documentation. Here's an outrageous example, perhaps the worst I've come across... The Cutter Case:
"Development of the vaccines that eradicated polio from most of the
Western world was funded mainly by the March of Dimes. That charitable
foundation also oversaw the first field trials establishing the safety
and efficacy of Jonas Salk’s vaccine. It then handed the project to the
government, which licensed five private companies to produce the
vaccine. Although the government prescribed exactly how it was to be
manufactured, the instructions were not quite the same as those the
foundation had promulgated prior to the first trial. The Cutter Company,
the smallest of the five licensees, followed the government’s
instructions to the letter, but failed to kill all the virus in the
vaccine. Seventy thousand people suffered mild forms of polio. Two
hundred were paralyzed. Ten died."
http://www.commentarymagazine.com/article.asp?aid=12201023_1
I hadn't heard of this case till I read this article.